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What are pros and cons for teaching a language to adults and young learners? First of all, let us talk about learner groups. Adults are people 18 years of age and more and young learners are split into three groups: over 13, from 8 to 12 and under 7. Obviously, the language is formed not only when we are born but partly during the pregnancy. A baby in a womb can listen to sounds outside and when its mother talks to her baby every day, it can also feel touches and sweet words from its mother. The baby starts speaking by listening to and copying whatever its parents, grandparents and other people say. That is a natural way to learn a language.Because of natural learning, the first advantage when teaching young learners is that children easily absorb the language from the context, not only one but more than one language. Therefore, the first three years of a child’s is considered as the “gold” period for his or her development physically and mentally. In the meanwhile, teaching a language to adults requires great effort from both teachers and learners because the older they get, the harder they learn. Secondly, children are very curious about everything. That is why they continuously ask the question “why is that so?” because anything new and fun easily draws their attention. They are ready and open-minded to experience new ways of teaching while adults with previous learning experience might not be willing to learn a new teaching method. Thirdly, children are usually not afraid of speaking which adults are always. The more the age is, the more nervous they get. That is the fear of losing face, making mistakes and pressure of success makes adults feel hard to speak out. As a result, their confidence decreases. However, on the other hand, teaching a language to adults is easier. Firstly, adults have obvious motivations to attend classes while children go to language classes because of their parents’ wishes. There are many different reasons for that such as for interest in languages, for purposes of moving and living in an English speaking country, for working in an international company, for travelling or for improving grades at school and so on. With their motivations and self-responsibility, adults have a greater attention to their study so they are usually more hard-working and serious in the class while children are quite active and they can have some behavior problems if teachers are not strict or do not have disciplines. Another advantage of teaching adults is that they have life experience which can be brought into the class to make fun, creative and colorful conversations, discussion and activities. It can help the teacher to establish a rapport with learners which makes them closer to each other and willing to share their difficulties in learning. When the teacher understands what the learners needs, their lessons will be more interesting and suitable. In short, teaching a language to adults or young learners also have advantages and drawbacks. Based on each target’s psychology, teachers will have proper behavior manners and should prepare their lesson plans seriously and carefully with varying activities and combine with teaching skills using EFL in the class appropriately.
